SubjectsSubjects(version: 978)
Course, academic year 2025/2026
   
Advanced ecology I. - MB162P48
Title: Advanced ecology I.
Czech title: Ekologie pro pokročilé I.
Guaranteed by: Department of Ecology (31-162)
Faculty: Faculty of Science
Actual: from 2024
Semester: winter
E-Credits: 4
Examination process: winter s.:combined
Hours per week, examination: winter s.:3/0, Ex [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: taught
Language: English
Note: enabled for web enrollment
priority enrollment if the course is part of the study plan
Guarantor: doc. RNDr. Linda Nedbalová, Ph.D.
Teacher(s): RNDr. Martin Černý, Ph.D.
doc. RNDr. David Hořák, Ph.D.
RNDr. Lukáš Kubička, Ph.D.
doc. RNDr. Linda Nedbalová, Ph.D.
RNDr. Veronika Sacherová, Ph.D.
Mgr. Irena Šímová, Ph.D.
RNDr. Jasna Vukićová, Ph.D.
Mgr. Jakub Žárský, Ph.D.
Annotation -
The course AE I intends to give an insight into ecosystem ecology, with focus on general ecosystem concepts and
global patterns. We intentionally avoid biome classifying approach to keep coherent picture of Earth climate,
energetics, water and nutrient (re)cycling through the biosphere, with a hindsight to Earth history. We like to
present an overview of biological solutions to cope with environmental conditions and to exploit the resources
needed for life. Indeed we do distinguish terrestrial and aquatic realms as they “work” in very different physical
conditions setting specific constraints for each. We deal neither with topics regarding population and community
ecology (up to macroecological scales) nor biodiversity patterns - those are presented in Advanced Ecology II
lecture.
Last update: Sacherová Veronika, RNDr., Ph.D. (31.05.2023)
Literature -

Lenton T, Watson A (2011) Revolutions that made the Earth. Oxford Univ Press, 423 pp

Sterner R, Elser J (2002) Ecological Stoichiometry: The Biology of Elements from Molecules to the Biosphere. Princeton Univ Press, 439 pp.

Miller C, Wheeler P (2012) Biological Oceanography. Wiley. 464 pp

Bonan G (2016) Ecological Climatology, Concepts and Applications. Cambridge Univ Press, 692

Lampert W., Sommer U (2007) . Limnoecology - The Ecology of Lakes and Streams. Oxford Univ Press, 324

Agren G, Andresson A (2012) Terrestrial Ecosystem Ecology - Principles and Applications. Cambridge Univ Press, 330 pp.

and many books by Vaclav Smil

Last update: Sacherová Veronika, RNDr., Ph.D. (31.05.2023)
Syllabus -

Ecosystem - concept, layers, holism x reductionism, complex adaptive system. Gaia. Ecosystem functions. Dynamics and stability of the ecosystem. Savanna question. Resistance, resilience and diversity, ecosystem services. Classification, examples?

Gross climatic picture - basic global patterns (climatic cells), seasonality, air/atmosphere properties, wind : surface sea currents, thermohaline conveyor belt. Earth climate history : biosphere/ecosystem shaping and consequences for present

This might (in terms of schedule) overflow to next week:

Global energetics of Earth - energy distribution, greenhouse effect, energy transfers (sea currents). A comparison with energy budget of humans. Hydrological cycle - global and local - concept of Biotic pump (Makarieva, Gorshkov)

Global biogeochemic cycles - carbon (sources and sinks, focus on CO2, sequestration,, CH4. Anthropogenic shares (this more elaborated in environmental issues). Nitrogen - fixation, denitrification, rocks as a source. Phosphorus - sources, mykorrhiza, transoceanic transport, deposits to sediments - incl phosphate trap. Sulphur (anoxygenic photosynthesis, sea aerosols, DMS). Silica - perhaps?Ecosystem role of microbes (bacteria, arechea, protists?) in carbon/nutrient cycling, stoichiometric constraits. This lecture should extend previous more general lecture - insight to particular/specific ecosystems (cryosphere, deep biosphere, thermal vents, live in anoxy … etc)

Ecosystem energetics - primary production, autotrophy, photosynthesis, chemolithotrophy. PP/biomass relations, global patterns of biomass/PP, their limits. Energetic efficiency of food webs. (measuring PP, perhaps). …

Aquatic realm I. - limits and advantages of aquatic environment(s) - intro to water as physical environment (pressure, temperature,viscosity, … mixing etc…) Role of Co2/C03- in aquatic ecosystems

Aquatic realm II - Morphological, physiological and behavioral (and other) adaptations to aquatic environment: Senses, movement, feeding, antipredatory adaptations etc...)

Aquatic realm III - Aquatic food webs, primary/secondary production, carp ponds, eutrophication, acidification?, seasonal changes …

Terrestrial realm I - limits and advantages of terrestrial environments: water business, evapotranspiration, gradients - elevation/ treeline etc,

Primary productivity/biomass - global patterns, limits

Terrestrial realm II - biomechanics, senses, thermoregulation… = (not only) classic view on individual x environment interactions.

Terrestrial realm III Succession, climax, seasonal changes, disturbances (fires, floods, landslides etc..

How the World really works - sensu Smil - current environmental issues (climatic change) plus biological invasions and other (even perhaps past) issues - acid rains, czech carp ponds tragedy… ?

Last update: Rubešová Jana, RNDr., Ph.D. (17.02.2026)
Learning outcomes

Extended Annotation

Advanced Ecology I provides a rigorous, top-down exploration of the Earth as a singular, complex adaptive system, shifting the focus from individual species to the planetary machinery of energetics, climate, and biogeochemical cycling. By intentionally bypassing traditional biome classifications, the course offers a coherent synthesis of how the biosphere exploits resources and manages the flow of water and nutrients across both terrestrial and aquatic realms. Students will examine the "biological solutions" life has evolved to meet the distinct physical constraints of these environments—from the viscosity of the deep ocean to the evapotranspiration demands of the forest canopy. Integrating insights from Earth history with the pragmatic "real-world" analysis popularized by Václav Smil, the course equips students to understand the fundamental drivers of ecosystem stability and primary production. This serves as a vital foundation for tackling contemporary environmental crises, providing the systemic context necessary for the biodiversity-focused Advanced Ecology II.

Since this is an MSc-level course, the outcomes focus on synthesis, systemic thinking, and the ability to link physical constraints to biological "solutions."

KNOWLEDGE

Student after completing the course:

  • Deconstructs the ecosystem concept through the lenses of holism, reductionism, and complex adaptive systems, including an advanced understanding of the Gaia hypothesis.

  • Explains the Earth’s climate engine, including the interaction between atmospheric circulation cells, thermohaline circulation, and the historical drivers of climate change.

  • Describes the global stoichiometry and cycling of Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulphur, emphasizing the specific roles of microbes and the "phosphate trap."

  • Identifies the fundamental physical constraints (viscosity, density, thermal properties) that differentiate aquatic and terrestrial realms and dictate evolutionary pathways.

  • Analyses the energetics of the biosphere, comparing primary production, autotrophic pathways (photosynthesis vs. chemolithotrophy), and the efficiency of global food webs.

  • Summarizes current environmental "grand challenges" (climate change, invasions, eutrophication) using the pragmatic, data-driven framework of "how the world really works."

SKILLS

Student after completing the course:

  • Quantifies and compares energy budgets across different scales, from anthropogenic energy consumption to global primary productivity patterns.

  • Differentiates biological adaptations by linking specific morphological or physiological traits (e.g., biomechanics, senses) to the physical requirements of water versus air.

  • Models ecosystem dynamics using concepts of resistance, resilience, and successional change to predict responses to disturbances like fire or floods.

  • Evaluates the "Biotic Pump" theory and other non-traditional models of moisture and heat transport within the biosphere.

  • Synthesizes diverse scientific literature (from biological oceanography to terrestrial ecology) to create a coherent picture of global nutrient flux.

COMPETENCES

Student after completing the course:

  • Applies systemic thinking to ecological problems, recognizing that local environmental issues are often manifestations of disrupted global biogeochemical cycles.

  • Critically assesses environmental policy and narratives by applying stoichiometric and energetic constraints (the "Smil approach") to determine what is biophysically possible.

  • Communicates complex ecological interdependencies, such as the link between transoceanic dust transport and local ecosystem fertility, to professional audiences.

  • Integrates Earth history with modern ecology to provide hindsight and context for current anthropogenic shifts in climate and biodiversity.

Last update: Černý Martin, RNDr., Ph.D. (27.01.2026)
 
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