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Course, academic year 2025/2026
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Medical entomology - practical course - MB160C36
Title: Praktikum z lékařské entomologie
Czech title: Praktikum z lékařské entomologie
Guaranteed by: Department of Parasitology (31-161)
Faculty: Faculty of Science
Actual: from 2023
Semester: summer
E-Credits: 5
Examination process: summer s.:
Hours per week, examination: summer s.:0/5, C [HT]
Capacity: 16
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: taught
Language: Czech
Note: enabled for web enrollment
Guarantor: doc. RNDr. Jan Votýpka, Ph.D.
Teacher(s): doc. RNDr. Jan Votýpka, Ph.D.
Co-requisite : MB160P26
Incompatibility : MB160C26
Is complex co-requisite for: MB160T27
Annotation -
Required for students of the Master's Degree in Parasitology, it is necessary to take a lecture in Medical Entomology (B160P26) before or at the same time. Also suitable for students of zoology or entomology. The maximum number of students in the course is 16.

The lab focuses on the demonstration and identification of individuals (crustaceans, mites, insects) on permanent microscope slides and stereomicroscopes in the dead (alcohol or "dry" slides) or live state (ticks and mites, bloodsucking flatworms, and selected Diptera). Basic morphological characters useful for identification and determination of individual groups of blood-sucking arthropods and their most important representatives are discussed. Part of the lab is devoted to the anatomy of each group (stained slides, dissection of flatworms and mosquitoes), and structures important for pathogen transmission are highlighted. The lab also includes a half-day field trip to the floodplain forest (Libický luh) to visit a mosquito hatchery with demonstrations of the developmental stages of several groups of blood-sucking insects. During the course, students will also learn how to dissect insects and identify (transmitted) parasitic protozoa.
Last update: Votýpka Jan, doc. RNDr., Ph.D. (31.08.2024)
Literature -

http://web.natur.cuni.cz/parasitology/vyuka/LekEnt_CV/

https://dl2.cuni.cz/course/view.php?id=375

Volf, Horák a kol: Paraziti a jejich biologie, Triton 2007

Mullen, Durden a kol: Medical and Veterinary Entomology, Academic Press 2002, 2009

Last update: Votýpka Jan, doc. RNDr., Ph.D. (31.08.2024)
Requirements to the exam -
Conditions of participation and assessment:
Active participation in practical sessions is mandatory; absence is allowed for a maximum of one session.
Assessment includes an identification test, during which students may use their own class notes, and which focuses on the specimens and demonstration objects covered during the practicals.
A mandatory requirement is also the preparation of an individual specimen (see the practicals for further details).
Last update: Votýpka Jan, doc. RNDr., Ph.D. (08.01.2026)
Syllabus -

The syllabus emphasizes the integration of theoretical knowledge with practical skills, work with morphological characters in taxon identification, and understanding the ecological, medical, and veterinary significance of parasitic and blood-feeding arthropods.

• Methods of collection and preservation of arthropods and parasitic crustaceans (Crustacea: Branchiura, Copepoda) – students become familiar (partly in practice) with techniques of capture, handling, fixation, and long-term preservation of parasitic crustaceans, including principles of documentation and preparation of material for further study.
• Venomous chelicerates (Chelicerata: Scorpionida, Aranea) – morphology, identification, and medical importance; a basic overview of venom mechanisms of action.
• Ticks and soft ticks (Metastigmata: Ixodidae, Argasidae) – taxonomy, morphology, life cycles, ecological relationships, and their role in pathogen transmission (bacteria, viruses, protozoa).
• Other parasitic mites (Mesostigmata, Prostigmata, Astigmata), storage pests (Acaridae, Glyciphagidae), and allergenic mites relevant to allergies – identification, biology, relationships with humans and domestic animals; may also include a test focused on recognizing allergenic species.
• Phthiraptera (Anoplura, Amblycera, Ischnocera) – morphology, host specificity, pathogen transmission, and importance in human and veterinary medicine.
• Hemiptera (Cimicidae, Reduviidae) – identification, morphology, and importance as blood-feeding parasites and vectors of infectious diseases, including differentiation between human- and animal-associated species.
• Siphonaptera – fleas – identification, morphology, life cycles, and their role in pathogen transmission (e.g., bacteria, protozoa) and in veterinary practice.
• Diptera: Nematocera (Phlebotominae, Ceratopogonidae, Simuliidae) – developmental stages, morphology, and vector capacity; ecological requirements of individual groups and their importance in disease transmission.
• Diptera: Nematocera (Culicidae) – mosquitoes – identification, larval and adult stages, ecology, reproduction, and importance in human and veterinary medicine.
• Diptera: Brachycera (Tabanidae, Stomoxidae, Glossinidae, Hippoboscidae, Nycteribiidae) and myiasis-causing larvae (Hypodermatidae, Oestridae, Cuterebridae, Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae) – morphology, life cycles, pathogenesis of myiasis, and medical and veterinary significance.
• Dissection of selected blood-feeding arthropods – study of the morphology of piercing-sucking mouthparts, anatomy of the digestive system, and reproductive organs in the context of pathogen transmission; linking morphology with functional and epidemiological aspects.
• Gall-forming parasites and their parasitoids; parasitoids of economically or medically important insect species.
• Field excursion to sites with mosquitoes and other blood-feeding arthropods – observation and documentation of developmental stages in natural habitats, practical training in collection methods (larval sampling, traps, aspirators), ecological notes, evaluation of habitat importance for the epidemiology of infectious diseases, and approaches to mosquito control.

Last update: Votýpka Jan, doc. RNDr., Ph.D. (08.01.2026)
Learning outcomes -

After completing the practical course, the student will acquire:
Knowledge
•    Recognizes the main groups of parasitic arthropods (parasitic crustaceans, mites, insects) and their most important representatives from the perspective of human and veterinary medicine
•    Understands the basic morphology and anatomy of the different groups, including piercing-sucking mouthparts, and their significance for pathogen transmission
•    Becomes familiar with methods of collection, preservation, and fixation of arthropods in various types of material (live, ethanol-fixed, dry, sectioned specimens)
•    Knows the principles of working with a microscope and a magnifying glass, including adjustment of illumination and use of phase contrast
•    Understands the ecology and developmental stages of blood-sucking insects and the significance of field sampling
Skills
•    Identifies and determines representatives of blood-sucking arthropods using morphological characters, morphological keys, specialized literature, and online databases
•    Works independently with a microscope and a magnifying glass, uses different types of illumination and contrast (phase, dark field), and examines specimens in various forms and states
•    Searches for and interprets diagnostic morphological characters for taxon determination
•    Prepares simple laboratory specimens, performs basic fixation and staining for microscopic observations
•    Systematically records and documents observed specimens, producing clear protocols, drawings, and microphotographs
Competences
•    Works independently and safely with biological material
•    Integrates theoretical knowledge with practical experience in solving problems in determination and morphological analysis
•    Critically evaluates and compares morphological characters among similar species
•    Presents work results clearly and accurately, including visual and digital documentation
•    Develops critical thinking and analytical skills in the identification and interpretation of morphological characters

Last update: Votýpka Jan, doc. RNDr., Ph.D. (07.01.2026)
 
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