SubjectsSubjects(version: 978)
Course, academic year 2025/2026
   
Protein engineering and Synthetic Biology - MB151P131
Title: Protein engineering and Synthetic Biology
Czech title: Proteinove inzenyrstvi a synteticka biologie
Guaranteed by: Department of Cell Biology (31-151)
Faculty: Faculty of Science
Actual: from 2025 to 2025
Semester: winter
E-Credits: 3
Examination process: winter s.:combined
Hours per week, examination: winter s.:2/0, Ex [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: taught
Language: English
Note: enabled for web enrollment
Guarantor: Mgr. Klára Hlouchová, Ph.D.
RNDr. Cyril Bařinka, Ph.D.
Teacher(s): RNDr. Cyril Bařinka, Ph.D.
Mgr. Klára Hlouchová, Ph.D.
Annotation
This course provides a comprehensive technical foundation in protein engineering and synthetic biology, covering the entire workflow from gene manipulation and heterologous expression to advanced library screening, genetic code expansion, and the design of synthetic metabolic circuits.
Last update: Gáliková Kristýna, Mgr. et Mgr., DiS. (12.03.2026)
Literature -

Protein Engineering and Design by Sheldon J. Park and Jennifer Cochran (2024)

Last update: Gáliková Kristýna, Mgr. et Mgr., DiS. (12.03.2026)
Requirements to the exam

2 assignments / homeworks

final grade: 25+25% for assignments, 50% final exam

 
Last update: Hlouchová Klára, Mgr., Ph.D. (17.02.2021)
Syllabus
  1. Introduction (why protein engineering?, antibodies as an example of engineered proteins), DNA sources and manipulation

  2. Expression plasmids, cloning/mutagenesis techniques (restriction sites, Gateway, Gibson assembly, In fusion)

3. Heterologous expression systems (prokaryotic, yeast, insect, mammalian) - transfection, cultivation, disruption

4. Basics of amino acid/protein structure, protein purification techniques I (affinity tags, ion exchange, hydrophobic, size-exclusion)

5. Protein purification techniques II, protein analysis (purity, concentration, dispersity, function, structure)

6. Repetition/back-up

7. Cell-free synthesis

8. Creating Diversity / Libraries

epPCR, degenerate oligo design, gene shuffling, library preparation

9. Expanded / Alternative Genetic Code

codon reassignment

10. Screen vs Selection towards new function

display techniques (Phage, ribosomal, mRNA/cDNA), compartments

11. Minimal cells

genome reduction

12. Synth Bio

metabolic engineering; gene circuits

 
Last update: Hlouchová Klára, Mgr., Ph.D. (07.10.2020)
Learning outcomes -

Learning outcomes

After completing the course, the student will be able to:

  • Explain and apply fundamental concepts of protein engineering and synthetic biology, and describe a typical workflow of recombinant protein production and modification, from the DNA source to functional characterization.

  • Design an appropriate plasmid or expression cassette and select a suitable cloning strategy (e.g. restriction cloning, Golden Gate, Gibson assembly), including appropriate controls and verification steps.

  • Select and justify an expression system (E. coli, yeast, insect, mammalian, or in vitro) and key expression parameters with respect to the properties of the target protein (post-translational modifications, disulfide bond formation, toxicity, solubility, complex formation).

  • Design a basic workflow for heterologous protein production, including cell lysis or medium concentration, considerations specific to secreted proteins and insoluble inclusion bodies, and selection of an appropriate purification strategy.

  • Select and combine chromatographic methods (affinity, ion-exchange, hydrophobic interaction, size-exclusion chromatography, etc.) and interpret their principles and practical effects on purity and yield of the target protein.

  • Design experiments for basic protein characterization (purity, concentration, oligomerization/dispersity, function, stability) and critically evaluate data quality (controls, reproducibility, methodological limitations).

  • Describe and compare cell-free protein synthesis systems, contrast reconstituted systems with cell lysates, and discuss their advantages, limitations, and typical applications (e.g. parallel library expression, work with toxic proteins, expanded genetic codes).

  • Explain the principles of expanded or alternative genetic codes (codon reassignment, orthogonal aaRS/tRNA pairs) and discuss the experimental implications and limitations of these approaches.

  • Design strategies for DNA/protein sequence diversification (targeted or saturation mutagenesis, degenerate oligonucleotide design, error-prone PCR, gene shuffling), including estimation of library size and practical limitations of sequence space coverage.

  • Distinguish and apply the concepts of screening versus selection, define genotype–phenotype linkage, and describe the principles of selected display methods (phage, ribosome, mRNA, cDNA display; compartmentalization).

  • Explain the motivation and approaches to minimal genomes and synthetic cells (top-down vs. bottom-up) and critically discuss the limits of predictability in cellular systems (e.g. enzyme promiscuity, pathway bypasses).

  • Design, at a conceptual level, a simple synthetic biology system (metabolic pathway or gene circuit), define success metrics, and identify key risks (cellular burden, context dependence, construct stability).

Assessment of learning outcomes

Achievement of the learning outcomes is assessed through continuous questioning and short quizzes during classes, two independent assignments focused on knowledge application and experimental strategy design, and a final oral examination. Assessment is point-based, with a minimum number of points required for successful course completion.

Last update: Hlouchová Klára, Mgr., Ph.D. (21.01.2026)
 
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