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The main goal of Introduction to Cell Biology is to reveal to the students how the living cell works and teach them how to handle the microscope. Both will give them the background for the subjects in the upcoming years. For that, we introduce them to the structure and function of every single compartment of the cell and its chemical composition. Other areas such as cell communication, cell division, and regulation of the cell cycle are studied.
Themes: Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, membranes, membrane organelles, DNA and chromosomes, cell communication, cell cycle, reproduction of organisms.
Last update: Svobodová Zuzana, Mgr., Ph.D. (03.10.2023)
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To obtain the Credit from Practical classes it is necessary to meet following conditions: 100% presence in all practical classes (with regards to the COVID-19 situation), deliver the filled-in Laboratory manual to be checked (part of the final evaluation), practical part - to perform one of the tasks from the previous practical classes (fill in the protocol) and answer 3 theoretical questions from practical classes.
Last update: Svobodová Zuzana, Mgr., Ph.D. (03.10.2023)
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Last update: prepocet_literatura.php (19.09.2024)
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Přednášky - teorie Moodle - videa, "procvičovací kvízy", "otázky a odpovědi", sestavování "slovníku" pojmů Praktická cvičení - základy mikroskopování, pozorování rostlinné a živočišné buňky, funkce organel, osmotické jevy v rostlinné a živočišné buňce, reprodukce buněk, tkáňové kultury Last update: Svobodová Zuzana, Mgr., Ph.D. (03.10.2023)
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The form of an exam is a test composed of 35 questions ( theory and practical classes). Types of questions: single best answer, matching, image description.
The student should show knowledge across the subject of Cell Biology, specifically in the following areas: 1. Definition and general characteristics of cell 2. Structure of prokaryotic cell 3. Structure of eukaryotic cell 4. Cell nucleus 5. Structure of DNA 6. Chromosome structure in prokaryotes and viruses 7. Chromosome structure in eukaryotes 8. Replication, transcription and translation 9. Structure of living systems – water, inorganic substances, low molecular weight organic molecules (saccharides, organic acids, amino acids, nucleotides, phospholipids) 10. Structure of living systems – high molecular weight organic molecules (polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids) 11. Membrane structure 12. Cytoplasmic membrane 13. Membrane transport (carrier proteins, ion channels) 14. Mitochondria (structure, cellular respiration) 15. Chloroplasts (structure, photosynthesis) 16. Endoplasmic reticulum 17. Golgi apparatus 18. Endosomes 19. Lysosomes 20. Peroxisomes 21. Intracellular vesicular transport 22. General principles of cell communications 23. Receptors (basic characteristics, signaling cascade) 24. Ion-channel–coupled receptors 25. G-protein–coupled receptors 26. Enzyme–coupled receptors 27. Microtubules 28. Actin filaments 29. Intermediate filaments 30. Cell cycle 31. Mitosis 32. Meiosis 33. Cell cycle control system 34. Cell differentiation 35. Cell death 36. Cell stress 37. Asexual reproduction 38. Spermatogenesis 39. Oogenesis 40. Fertilization Last update: Svobodová Zuzana, Mgr., Ph.D. (03.10.2023)
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Cell structure · definition and general characteristics of cell (cell theory) · structure of prokaryotic cell · structure of eukaryotic cell (plant and animal)
Chemical composition of living systems · water and inorganic substances · low molecular weight organic molecules: saccharides, organic acids, amino acids, nucleotides, phospholipids · high molecular weight organic molecules: polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids
Nucleic acids and chromosomes I · structure of DNA · chromosome structure in prokaryotes and viruses · chromosome structure in eukaryotes
Nucleic acids and chromosomes II · replication · transcription · translation
Membranes I · membrane structure o lipid bilayer o molecular structure of membranes – lipids, proteins, saccharides · cytoplasmic membrane
Membranes II · membrane transport · carrier proteins · ion channels and the electrical properties of membranes
Membrane organelles I · mitochondria o the structure o cellular respiration – Krebs cycle, electron-transport chain, oxidative phosphorylation · chloroplasts o the structure o photosynthesis – light reactions and dark reactions
Membrane organelles II · endoplasmic reticulum · Golgi apparatus · endosomes · lysosomes · peroxisomes · intracellular vesicular transport o transport from the endoplasmic reticulum through the Golgi apparatus o transport from the trans Golgi network to lysosomes o transport into the cell from the plasma membrane: endocytosis o transport from the trans Golgi network to the cell exterior: exocytosis
Cell communications · general principles of cell communication · signal molecules · receptors o ion-channel–coupled receptors o G-protein–coupled receptors o enzyme–coupled receptors
Cell division · cell cycle - four phases (G1, S, G2, M) · mitosis - prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis · meiosis
Cell cycle control system · regulation of the cell cycle · cell differentiation · cell death
Reproduction of organisms
Last update: Svobodová Zuzana, Mgr., Ph.D. (03.10.2023)
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