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Diabetology, endocrinology, gastroenterology and abdominal Surgery - C4VL004
Title: Diabetologie, endokrinologie, gastroenterologie a břišní chirurgie (KPZM IV)
Guaranteed by: Department of Internal Medicine 3FM CU and UHKV (12-2INK)
Faculty: Third Faculty of Medicine
Actual: from 2024
Semester: both
Points: 6
E-Credits: 6
Examination process:
Hours per week, examination: 20/114, C+Ex [HS]
Capacity: winter:unknown / unknown (unknown)
summer:unknown / unknown (unknown)
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
Key competences:  
State of the course: taught
Language: Czech, English
Teaching methods: full-time
Level:  
Note: you can enroll for the course in winter and in summer semester
Guarantor: prof. MUDr. Pavel Kraml, Ph.D.
Examination dates   Schedule   
Aim of the course -

The prerequisits for attendace at the DEGHAS course are succesfully passed examinations in "General pathology and pathophysiology", "General pharmacology", "Microbiology and infectious diseases" and "Introduction to Clinical Medicine III - Propedeutics in Medicine!.

The course diabetology-endocrinology-gastroenterology-hepatology and abdominal surgery (DEGHAS) has 5 weeks.

In the first two weeks the students will learn the basic principles of the endocrine and metabolic diseases with special emphasis to diabetes mellitus.

In the 3rd week, the most common diseases of the oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, intestines, biliary ducts and pancreas will be discussed.

The entire 4th week is dedicated to the liver diseases. Gastrointestinal surgery including topographic anatomy of the abdominal cavity will be presented in the 5th week.

Acute abdominal emergencies will be discussed in separate seminars.

Last update: Kraml Pavel, prof. MUDr., Ph.D. (02.10.2024)
Literature - Czech

I. Rychlík, P. Widimský a kol.: Vnitřní lékařství II., 2024

Harrison´s Principles of Internal Medicine, McGraw-Hill Professional 21´th Edition 2022

Gerd Herold: Innere Medizin 2025

Robbins Basic Pathology 11´th Edition 2022

Chirurgie v kostce, 2. doplněné a přepracované vydání

Last update: Kraml Pavel, prof. MUDr., Ph.D. (02.10.2024)
Teaching methods -

In this course, the diseases will be presented from pathology and pathophysiology to clinical manifestation and basic diagnostic and therapeutic procedures or prevention.

Seminars and clinical lessons will be held in the morning hours in a presence form and with controled attendance. The seminars are supposed to be interactive allowing students to ask questions and teachers to address the students during the lesson.

Students must be present at practical lessons and clinical training and their attendance will be always confirmed by by the assigned teacher. Students must be equipped with a face mask and perform proper desinfection of hands and sthetoscopes.

Lectures will be held according to schedule, always at 14:00.

The entire course is obligatory for all students!

To obtain the credit 80 % of presence in seminars, clinical training and practical lessons will be required.

Before the course begins, students will print a copy of the schedule of the entire course which will be used as their attendance sheet and where their presence at clinical lessons will be confirmed.

Last update: Maternová Kateřina, Bc. (02.10.2024)
Requirements to the exam -

Conditions for obtaining the credit:

Passed exams in "General pathology and pathophysiology", "General pharmacology", "Microbiology and infectious diseases" and "Introduction to Clinical Medicine III - Propedeutics in Medicine".

- 80% of presence at clinical presentations and seminars.

- passing the surgery test (see information on the test below)

Oral examination can be taken only on assessed terms. Student will be given 3 questions: 1) pathology, 2) pharmacology, 3) clinical topic.

Information on the surgery test:

Passing the surgery test is mandatory for students to be allowed to take the exam for the course C4VL004.

The test consists of 17 topics, with one question from each topic. The format of the test is a single choice test. To pass the test, students are required to answer 80% of questions correctly.

Recomended study Literature for the Test:

English: McLatchie G., Borley N., Chikwe J.: Oxford Handbook of Clinical Surgery. Oxford University Press

Online sources : UpToDate - for exact topics and chapters to study refer to PDF test_surgery in Vyuka app (under Study materials). "

 

Czech: Chirurgie v kostce, 2nd revised and supplemented edition: chapters 20-23, 25-32.

For each topic, the test questions will focus on practical clinical knowledge. This includes clinical presentation, diagnosis based on medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests and imaging methods (including X-ray images), principles of conservative and surgical therapy, basic surgical procedures (without the necessity to know the steps of the procedure), and

the basics of disease classification and etiology.

List of Topics (one question from each topic, each topic is summarized in the study literature):

Appendicitis

Cholecystitis

Diverticulitis

Acute pancreatitis

Chronic pancreatitis

Peptic ulcer disease

Cholecystolithiasis

Diseases of biliary ducts

Gastrointestinal bleeding

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

Hernias

Ileus and bowel obstruction

Vascular and paralytic ileus

Liver tumors

Pancreatic tumors

Colorectal tumors

Benign rectal diseases

Last update: Jajová Bekime, DiS. (28.04.2025)
Syllabus -

DIABETOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY

Pathology of the endocrine organs

Principles of endocrine regulation and it´s disorders

Energetic metabolism

Principles of suppression and supplementation treatment in endocrinology

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Diabetic complications

Pharmacological treatment of diabetes mellitus

Atherosclerosis

Hyperlipoproteinemia

Disorders of water and mineral metabolism

Impaired function of the thyroid, adrenals, gonads and the pituitary gland

Impairment of calcium-phosphate metabolism. Osteoporosis, osteomalacia

Impairment of nutrition

GASTROENTEROLOGY

Diseases of the oral cavity and esophagus

Gastric tumors

Gastric non-tumor diseases, peptic ulcer

Crohn´s disease. Ulcerative colitis.

Acute and chronic pancreatitis

Pancreatic carcinoma

Diseases of the gallbladder and bile ducts

Intestinal tumors

Pharmacotherapy of peptic ulcer, GERD, NSA gastropathy

Regulation of of GIT motility a secretion (pharmacology)

Pharmacotherapy of IBD

HEPATOLOGY

Theoretical principles of hepatology in clinical context

Imaging methods in hepatology

Types of liver diseases and their diagnosis

Autoimmune and vascular diseases of the liver

Metabolic liver diseases

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and alcoholic liver damage

Liver cirrhosis. Liver tumors.

Liver failure

Chronic hepatitis B and C

Liver transplant

Casuistics in hepatology (problem oriented seminar)

Examination of the patient with liver disease

ABDOMINAL SURGERY

Clinical anatomy-topography and vascular supply of the abdomen

Pathophysiology of gallbladder, bile duct and pancreas diseases

Diseases of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum

Diseases of the gallbladder and bile ducts

Benign and malignant diseases of the colon and rectum

Pancreatitis and pancreatic tumors

Inflammatory acute abdomen

Acute abdomen with ileus

Last update: Maternová Kateřina, Bc. (02.10.2024)
Learning resources -

Questions for oral examination in DEGHAS

Academic year 2024/2025

Legend:

PAT-pathology

PHAR-pharmacology

1.

Tumors of the thyroid glynd- PAT

Insulin secretagogues: sulphonylureas and glinides -PHAR

Hypercholesterolemia - clinic: symptoms, findings

2.

Parathyroid tumors -PAT

Oral antidiabetic drugs affecting insulin sensitivity - PHAR

Hypertriglyceridemia - clinic: symptoms, findings

3.

Clinical anatomy of the thyroid gland

Insulins: indications, side effects - PHAR

Type 1 diabetes mellitus - clinic: symptoms, findings

4.

Pathology of the adrenals - PAT

Types of insulin - PHAR

Type 1 diabetes mellitus - clinic: symptoms, findings

5.

Tumors of the esophagus and stomach - PAT

Insulin: mechanism of action - PHAR

Type 2 diabetes mellitus - clinic: symptoms, findings

6.

Tumors of the small intestine and colon - PAT

Antidiabetics according to their mechanism of action - PHAR

Plasma lipid goals according to the level of cardiovascular risk

7.

Precanceroses of the GIT - PAT

Insulin secretagogues: incretins and gliptins (DPP-4 inhibitors) - PHAR

Chronic specific diabetes complications - clinic: symptoms, findings

8.

Primary and secondary tumors of the liver - PAT

Drugs used in therapy of peptic ulcer - PHAR

Hereditary forms of diabetes - clinic: symptoms, findings

9.

Liver cirrhosis - PAT

Metabolic action, safety and impact on prognosis of different antidiabetics

Idiopatic bowel diseases - clinic: symptoms, findings

10.

Tumors of the gallbladder, biliary ducts and papilla Vateri - PAT

Antidiabetics: intestinal glycosidase inhibitors and gliflozins - PHAR

Wilson’s disease - clinic: symptoms, findings

11.

Pancreatic tumors - PAT

Artificial sweeteners. Anti-obesity drugs. - PHAR

Diabetic hyperglycemic ketoacidotic coma - clinic: symptoms, findings

12.

Neuroendocrine tumors - PAT

Antiemetic drugs - PHAR

Acromegaly, gigantism - clinic: symptoms, findings

13.

Chronic hepatitis - PAT

Drugs affecting the intestinal motility - PHAR

Hyperthyroidism - clinic: symptoms, findings

14.

Alcohol organ damage - PAT

Solutions used for parenteral and enteral nutrition. I.v administration of potassium

Diabetic hyperosmolar non-ketogenic coma - clinic: symptoms, findings

15.

Biochemistry and pathogenesis of lactic acidosis - PATOPHYS

Drugs used in diarrhea and constipation - PHAR

Hypoglycemia and hypoglycemic coma - clinic: symptoms, findings

16.

Basic energetic substrates for brain, hepatocytes, myocytes, tubular cells, enterocytes, endothelial cells, enterocytes - PHYSIOLOGY

Proton pump inhibitors: principles of treatment, indications and side effects - PHAR

Insulin administration and insulin pumps. Technology and clinic.

17.

Pituitary tumors - PAT

Drugs causing damage to esophageal, gastric and duodenal mucosa - PHAR

Hyperuricemia and gout - clinic: symptoms, findings

18.

Diarrhea - PATHOPHYS

Helicobacter pylori eradication strategy - PHAR

Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus

19.

Metabolic acidosis - PATHOPHYS

Treatment of hyperuricemia and its complications - PHAR

Chronic non-specific complications of diabetes - clinic: symptoms, findings

20.

Metabolic alkalosis - PATHOPHYS

Treatment of idiopathic bowel diseases - PHAR

Pituitary tumors - clinic: symptoms, findings

21.

Respiratory acidosis - PATHOPHYS

Treatment of osteoporosis - osteoanabolic approach - PHAR

Complications of peptic ulcer - clinic: symptoms, findings

22.

Respiratory alkalosis - PATHOPHYS

Biochemical and athropometric methods in nutritional status assessment

Gestational diabetes - definition, - clinic: symptoms, findings

23.

Cholestatic syndromes - PAT

Dietary principles in atherosclerosis prevention

Addison’s disease - clinic: symptoms, findings

24.

Ascites - PAT

Pharmacohterapy of pituitary disorders and use of pituitary hormones - PHAR

Cusching’s syndrome and Cusching’s disease - clinic: symptoms, findings

25.

Syndrom of portal hyprtension - PAT

Diabetic diet

Insulinoma - clinic: symptoms, findings

26.

Hemochromatosis - PAT

Vegetarian diet - types and risks

Obesity - clinic: symptoms, findings

27.

Anabolic and catabolic states - PATHOPHYS

Indications for vitamin and trace element supplementation - PHAR

Acute and chronic pancreatitis

28.

Pituitary-adrenal axis - PATHOPHYS

Dietary measures in acute and chronic pancreatitis

Principles of bariatric surgery and endoscopic procedures

29.

Mechanisms of hormone action-PATHOPHYS

Laxatives - PHAR

Polycystic ovary syndrome - clinic: symptoms, findings

30.

Intestinal hormones - PATHOPHYS

Basic principles of intensified insulin therapy in Type 1 diabetes mellitus

MEN and APS syndromes - clinic: symptoms, findings

31.

Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis - PAT

Treatment of osteoporosis - antiresorption approach-PHAR

Primary hyperaldosteronism

32.

Pathology of atherosclerosis - PAT

Spasmolytics - PHARM

Preparing for endoscopy procedures in gastroenterology

33.

Islets of Langerhans - normal histology

Treatment of thyreotoxicosis. Thyreostatics - PHAR

Enteral and parenteral nutrition, indications, routes of administration, solutions

34.

Histology of the liver lobules and types of liver necrosis - PAT

Treatment of hypothyroidism - supplementation therapy- PHAR

Acute gastrointestinal bleeding - clinic: symptoms, findings

35.

Histology of the pituitary gland. Pituitary tumors - PAT

Treatment of hyperaldosteronism - PHARM

NAFLD - clinic: symptoms, findings

36.

Non-tumor diseases of the thyroid gland - PAT

Diet in gallbladder and biliary duct diseases

Tuberculosis of the GIT - clinic: symptoms, findings

37.

Pathophysiology of hypoglycemia

Lactose intolerance

Goals in diabetes therapy: HbA1c, blood glucose, arterial blood pressure

38.

Pathogenesis of Type 1 diabetes mellitus PATHOPHYS

Gastroesophageal reflux disease - PHAR

Complications of ulcerative colitis - clinic: symptoms, findings

39.

Pathogenesis of Type 2 diabetes mellitus PATHOPHYS

Hepatotoxic drugs - PHAR

Celiac disease - clinic: symptoms, findings

40.

Pathogenesis of cholecystolithiasis - PAT

Diabetic diet

Treatment of hypoglycemia

Last update: Maternová Kateřina, Bc. (02.10.2024)
 
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