Inzulinová rezistence v kontextu ovariálního cyklu a PCOS

• Thesis title in Czech: Inzulinová rezistence v kontextu ovariálního cyklu a PCOS
• Thesis title in English: Insulin resistance in the context of the ovarian cycle and PCOS
• Key words: Inzulinová rezistence, hyperinzulinémie, hyperandrogenismus, hormonální regulace, PCOS
• English key words: Insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hyperandrogenism, hormonal regulation, PCOS​
• Academic year of topic announcement: 2023/2024
• Thesis type: Bachelor's thesis
• Thesis language: čeština
• Department: Department of Physiology (31-152)
• Supervisor: doc. RNDr. PhDr. Ing. Jana Jaklová Dytrtová, Ph.D.
• Author: hidden - assigned and confirmed by the Study Dept.
• Date of registration: 11.12.2023
• Date of assignment: 05.02.2024
• Confirmed by Study dept. on: 06.02.2024
• Date of electronic submission: 26.04.2024
• Deadline for student's submission: 30.04.2024
• Date of proceeded defence: 03.06.2024
• Opponents: RNDr. Tereza Tlapáková, Ph.D.
• Advisors: doc. RNDr. Jitka Žurmanová, Ph.D.

References

https://cunicz.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Biomarkry/ErVrwOwtnF5Npzd-boBxs-gBsBhaS7Ryiq_r4P04nVL6CQ?e=thJe83

https://cunicz.sharepoint.com/:f:/s/Biomarkry/Evk7L3-91ZVHk_ebjlztjdoBk7KnN9H9EF60T_GZWCE_tw?e=lDhwNm

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): There's a recognized association between insulin resistance, obesity, and the development of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), a common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age. PCOS is characterized by hormonal imbalances, irregular menstrual cycles, cysts on the ovaries, and often insulin resistance. Insulin resistance can exacerbate hormone imbalances and contribute to the symptoms of PCOS, affecting the ovarian cycle and fertility.

Reduced Fertility: Diabetes can affect fertility by interfering with ovulation. Irregular or absent ovulation due to hormonal disturbances caused by diabetes can reduce a woman's chances of conceiving. Additionally, diabetes-related complications, such as neuropathy or vascular issues, might affect the blood flow to reproductive organs, potentially impacting fertility.

Pregnancy Complications: For women with diabetes who become pregnant, there might be an increased risk of complications such as miscarriage, preterm birth, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and birth defects. Proper management of blood sugar levels before and during pregnancy is crucial to reduce these risks.

Treatment and Management: Maintaining optimal blood sugar control through lifestyle modifications (diet and exercise) and/or medication (insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents) is essential for managing diabetes and potentially improving its impact on the ovarian cycle and reproductive health. Proper management may help restore regular menstrual cycles and improve fertility outcomes.

Research and Further Understanding: Research continues to explore the intricate relationship between diabetes and the ovarian cycle. Understanding the mechanisms by which diabetes affects reproductive health can lead to better management strategies and potentially improve fertility outcomes for women with diabetes.

Overall, diabetes can significantly impact the ovarian cycle and reproductive health in women due to hormonal imbalances, insulin resistance, and associated complications. Proper diabetes management is crucial to mitigate these effects and improve reproductive outcomes. Consulting healthcare professionals, such as endocrinologists or reproductive specialists, can provide personalized guidance and management strategies for women with diabetes seeking to optimize their reproductive health.

Preliminary scope of work

Syndrom polycystických ovarií (PCOS) je běžná endokrinní porucha postihující ženy v reprodukčním věku, charakterizovaná hormonální nerovnováhou, dysfunkcí vaječníků a metabolickými poruchami. Je důležité rozpoznat a monitorovat PCOS kvůli jeho významnému dopadu na zdraví žen a plodnost, stejně jako jeho spojení s dlouhodobými zdravotními riziky, jako je diabetes 2. typu a kardiovaskulární onemocnění. PCOS je úzce spojena s inzulínovou rezistencí, přičemž mnoho žen s PCOS vykazuje zvýšené hladiny inzulínu a sníženou citlivost na působení inzulínu. Monitorování PCOS ve vztahu k inzulínové rezistenci je klíčové, protože inzulínová rezistence zhoršuje hormonální a metabolickou dysregulaci pozorovanou u PCOS, přispívá k rozvoji metabolického syndromu a zvyšuje riziko komplikací, jako je neplodnost, gestační diabetes a kardiovaskulární onemocnění. Včasná detekce a léčba inzulinové rezistence u pacientů s PCOS jsou zásadní pro prevenci dlouhodobých zdravotních komplikací a zlepšení reprodukčních výsledků.

Bakalářská práce je literární rešerší a shrne vědecké poznatky týkající se především: Význam u citlivosti na inzulín v metabolickém zdraví, vztahem mezi inzulínovou rezistencí, ovariálním cyklem a PCOS.

Preliminary scope of work in English

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, characterized by hormonal imbalance, ovarian dysfunction, and metabolic disturbances. It is important to recognize and monitor PCOS because of its significant impact on women's health and fertility, as well as its association with long-term health risks such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. PCOS is closely associated with insulin resistance, with many women with PCOS showing elevated insulin levels and reduced sensitivity to insulin action. Monitoring PCOS in relation to insulin resistance is crucial because insulin resistance exacerbates the hormonal and metabolic dysregulation seen in PCOS, contributes to the development of metabolic syndrome, and increases the risk of complications such as infertility, gestational diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Early detection and treatment of insulin resistance in patients with PCOS is essential to prevent long-term health complications and improve reproductive outcomes. The bachelor's thesis is a literature review and summarizes the scientific findings concerning mainly: The importance of insulin sensitivity in metabolic health, the relationship between insulin resistance, the ovarian cycle and PCOS.