Ecology and evolution of clonal growth forms of the vascular flora across biodiversity hotspots in Iran, with particular reference to Lamiaceae

• Thesis title in Czech: Ekologie a evoluce klonálních růstových forem angiosperm v Íránu, se zvláštním zřetelem k čeledi Lamiaceae
• Thesis title in English: Ecology and evolution of clonal growth forms of the vascular flora across biodiversity hotspots in Iran, with particular reference to Lamiaceae
• Academic year of topic announcement: 2022/2023
• Thesis type: dissertation
• Thesis language: angličtina
• Department: Department of Botany (31-120)
• Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Tomáš Herben, CSc.
• Author: hidden - assigned by the advisor
• Date of registration: 10.10.2022
• Date of assignment: 13.10.2022
• Advisors: prof. RNDr. Jitka Klimešová, CSc.

References

Cornelissen JHC, Lavorel S, Garnier E, Dı´az S, Buchmann N, et al. (2003)A handbook of protocols for standardised and easy measurement of plant functional traits worldwide. Australian Journal of Botany 51: 335–380.
Duchoslavova J, Jansa J. (2018)The direction of carbon and nitrogen fluxes between ramets changes during ontogeny under simulated competition for light. Journal of Experimental Botany 69: 2149–2158.
Firouz, E. (2005)The Complete Fauna of Iran (Tauris, I. B.).
Fischer M, Van Kleunen M (2001) On the evolution of clonal plant life histories. Evolutionary Ecology 15: 565–582.
Frey, W., Kürschner, H. & Probst, W (1999)In Encyclopaedia Iranica (ed Yarshater, E.). Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa 43–63.
Givnish T. (1979)On the adaptive significance of leaf form. In: Solbrig OT, Jain S, Johnson GB, Raven PH, eds. Topics in plant population biology. London, UK: Palgrave, 375–407.
Groenendael JM, Klimeš L, Klimešová J, Hendriks RJJ (1996)Comparative ecology of clonal plants. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences 351: 1331–1339.
Harmon LJ, Schulte JA II, Larson A, Losos JB. (2003)Tempo and mode of evolutionary radiation in iguanian lizards. Science 301: 961–964.
Harmon LJ, Weir JT, Brock CD, Glor RE, Challenger W. (2008)GEIGER: investigating evolutionary radiations. Bioinformatics 24: 129–131.
Herben T, Nova´kova´ Z, Klimešová´ J (2014)Clonal growth and plant species abundance. Annals of Botany doi: 10.1093/aob/mct308
Hodgson JG, Santini BA, Marti GM, Pla FR, Jones G, Bogaard A, Charles M, Font X, Ater M, Talebet A et al. (2017)Trade-offs between seed and leaf size (seed–phytomer–leaf theory): functional glue linking regenerative with lifehistory strategies and taxonomy with ecology. Annals of Botany 120: 633–652.
Jamzad, Z. 2012.Lamaiceae. In: Assadi, M., Maassoumi, A. & Mozaffarian, V. (eds). Flora of Iran. Vol. 76. Research Institute of Forests & Rangelands, Tehran (in Persian).
Klimeš L, Klimešová J, Hendriks R, van Groenendael J. (1997)Clonal plant architecture: a comparative analysis of form and function. In: de Kroon H, van Groenendael JM, eds. The ecology and evolution of clonal plants. Leiden, the Netherlands: Backhuys Publishers, 1–29.
Klimešová J, Klimeš L. (1999)CLO-PLA2 – a database of clonal plants in central Europe. Plant Ecology 141: 9–19.
Klimeš L (2003)Life-forms and clonality of vascular plants along an altitudinal gradient in E Ladakh (NW Himalayas). Basic and Applied Ecology 4: 317–328.
Klimešová J, Klimeš L. (2008)Clonal growth diversity and bud banks of plants in the Czech flora: an evaluation using the CLO-PLA3 database. Preslia 80: 255–275.
Klimešová J. (2018)Temperate herbs: an architectural analysis. Praha, Czech Republic: Academia, pp. 276 Klime_sov_a J, Herben T. 2015. Clonal and bud bank traits: patterns across temperate plant communities. Journal of Vegetation Science 26: 243–253.
Klimešová, J. Klimešová, J., Martínková, J., Pausas, JG., de Moraes, MG., Herben, T., Yu, FH., Puntieri, J., Vesk, PA., de Bello, F., Janeček, S., Altman, J., Appezzato-da-Glória, B., Bartušková, A., Crivellaro, A., Doležal, J., Ott, JP., Paula, S., Schnablová, R., Schweingruber, FH., Ottaviani G., (2019)Handbook of standardized protocols for collecting plant modularity traits. Perspect. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 40, 125485.
Klimešová, J., & Klimeš, L. (2007)Bud banks and their role in vegetative regeneration – A literature review and proposal for simple classification and assessment. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics,
Kroon H, van Groenendael JM (1997)The ecology and evolution of clonal plants.Backhuys Publishers, Leiden.
Klimeš L (2003)Life-forms and clonality of vascular plants along an altitudinal gradient in E Ladakh (NW Himalayas). Basic and Applied Ecology 4: 317–328.
Klimeš L, Klimešová´ J, Hendriks R (1997)Clonal plant architecture: A comparative analysis of form and function. In: de Kroon H, van Groenendael JM,
Klimešová J, Doležal J, Dvorský M, de Bello F, Klimeš L (2011)Clonal Growth Forms in Eastern Ladakh, Western Himalayas: Classification and Habitat Preferences. Folia Geobotanica 46: 191–217
Manafzadeh, S., Salvo, G. & Conti, E. (2014)A tale of migrations from east to west: the Irano-Turanian floristic region as a source of Mediterranean xerophytes. Journal of Biogeography 41, 366–379.
Noroozi, J. et al. (2018)Hotspots within a global biodiversity hotspot - areas of endemism are associated with high mountain ranges. Scientific Reports 8, 10345.
Noroozi, J., Moser, D. & Essl, F. (2016) Diversity, distribution, ecology and description rates of alpine endemic plant species from Iranian mountains. Alpine Botany 126, 1–9.
Ranjbar M, Mahmoudi C. 2013a.Chromosome numbers and biogeography of the genus Scutellaria L. (Lamiaceae). Caryologia. 66(3):205–214.
Ranjbar M, Mahmoudi C. 2013b.Cytomorphological study of Scutellaria platystegia (Lamiaceae) in Iran. Feddes Repertorium. 124(1):1–15.
Ranjbar M, Mahmoudi C. 2015.A revision of Phlomoides sect. Thyrsiflorae (Lamiaceae). Webbia. 70(2):1–9.
Ranjbar M, Pakatchi A. 2014.A note on Salvia sect. Aethiopis (Lamiaceae) of Iran. Biol Diversity Conserv. 7 (3):130–137.
Ranjbar M, Pakatchi A, Babataheri Z. 2015. Chromosome number evolution, biogeography and phylogenetic relationships in Salvia (Lamiaceae). Webbia. 70(2):293–312.
Ranjbar M, Mahmoudi C, Jahaniyan S. 2016.A synopsis of the cytogenetics of the genus Phlomoides (Lamiaceae) in Iran. Caryologia. 69(4):330–338.
Ranjbar M, Mahmoudi C, Nazari H. 2017.A contribution to Teucrium sect. Polium (Lamiaceae) in Flora Iranica. Novon 25(3):302–315.
Rechinger, K.H., Hedge, I.C., Ietswaart, J.H., Jalas, J., Mennema, J. & Seybold, S. (eds). 1982.Labiatae. In: Rechinger, K.H. (ed.). Flora Iranica. Vol. 150. Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt. Graz.
Salmaki, Y. et al. (2012)Phylogeny of the tribe Phlomideae (Lamioideae: Lamiaceae) with special focus on Eremostachys and Phlomoides:new insights from nuclear and chloroplast sequences. Taxon 61, 161–179.
Salmaki, Y. et al. (2013).Molecular phylogeny of tribe Stachydeae (Lamiaceae subfamily Lamioideae). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 69, 535–551
Song MH, Dong M, Jiang GM (2001)Clonal plants along NECT and relation of theirimportance to environmental conditions. Acta Ecologica Sinica 21: 1095–1103.
Stuefer JF, Erschbamer B, Huber H, Suzuki JI (2001)The ecology and evolutionary biology of clonal plants: an introduction to the proceedings of Clone-2000. Evolutionary Ecology 15: 223–230
Ye D, Hu Y, Song M, Pan X, Xie X, Liu G, Ye X, Dong M. (2014)Clonality–climate relationships along latitudinal gradient across China: adaptation of clonality to environments. PLoS ONE 9: e94009.
Zhao F, Chen YP, Salmaki Y, Drew BT, Wilson TC, Scheen AC, Celep F, Brauchler C, Bendiksby M, Wang Q, et al. (2021) An updated tribal classification of Lamiaceae based on plastome phylogenomics. BMC Biol. 19(1):2
Zohary, M. (1971)In Plant Life of South-West Asia (eds Davis, P. H., Harper. P. C., & Hedge, I. C. 43–52 (Botanical Society of Edinburgh,

Preliminary scope of work

Objectives
To determine relatiosnhip between habitats, ecological requirements and clonality in Lamiaceae, a representative family in the Iranian flora. The aim is to connect evolution of clonal growth forms within the family with environmental data in habitats/biomes, where these clonal growth forms are found. The aim of this part is to relate clonal traits and clonal growth organs to environmental gradients that are more stressful than those that have been studied so far. In addition, to collect data on distribution of clonality in habitats that are not found in Europe (where most data on clonality have been collected until now).
This will allow us to fill following research objectives: (i) to assess the diversity of clonal growth organs and other clonal traits in the family; (ii) to relate clonal growth organs and clonal traits to environmental gradients; (iii) to examine rates of evolution (appearance and loss) of individual types of clonal growth organ (CGO) in a species-rich family with diversification centre in Iran; (iv) to evaluate how individual types of CGO constrain clonal traits, that is, measurable and ecologically relevant parameters of clonal growth.

Preliminary scope of work in English

Objectives
To determine relatiosnhip between habitats, ecological requirements and clonality in Lamiaceae, a representative family in the Iranian flora. The aim is to connect evolution of clonal growth forms within the family with environmental data in habitats/biomes, where these clonal growth forms are found. The aim of this part is to relate clonal traits and clonal growth organs to environmental gradients that are more stressful than those that have been studied so far. In addition, to collect data on distribution of clonality in habitats that are not found in Europe (where most data on clonality have been collected until now).
This will allow us to fill following research objectives: (i) to assess the diversity of clonal growth organs and other clonal traits in the family; (ii) to relate clonal growth organs and clonal traits to environmental gradients; (iii) to examine rates of evolution (appearance and loss) of individual types of clonal growth organ (CGO) in a species-rich family with diversification centre in Iran; (iv) to evaluate how individual types of CGO constrain clonal traits, that is, measurable and ecologically relevant parameters of clonal growth.