Caucuses jako součást nominačního procesu prezidentských kandidátů v USA

• Thesis title in Czech: Caucuses jako součást nominačního procesu prezidentských kandidátů v USA
• Thesis title in English: Caucuses as a part of the nomination process for US presidential candidates
• Key words: Caucus, prezidentské volby, nominační proces, USA, prezidenští kandidáti
• English key words: Caucus, presidential election, nomination process, US, presidential candidates
• Academic year of topic announcement: 2019/2020
• Thesis type: Bachelor's thesis
• Thesis language: čeština
• Department: Department of Political Science (23-KP)
• Supervisor: PhDr. Jakub Dopieralla
• Author: hidden - assigned by the advisor
• Date of registration: 18.03.2020
• Date of assignment: 18.03.2020
• Date and time of defence: 14.06.2021 08:00
• Venue of defence: Pekařská 16, JPEK205, 205, Velká učebna, 2.patro
• Date of electronic submission: 04.05.2021
• Date of proceeded defence: 14.06.2021
• Opponents: doc. Dr. habil. MA PhDr. Petra Guasti, Ph.D.

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Preliminary scope of work

Následující text se zabývá analýzou procesu „caucuses“ (volebních shromáždění) v rámci prezidentské volby USA. Tento systém je velmi komplikovaný a volební shromáždění jsou prvotní, ale také do značné míry determinující fází celého procesu. Při něm se vede souboj o post oficiálního kandidáta na prezidenta v rámci dvou hlavních politických stran USA – strany Demokratické a strany Republikánské. Každá ze stran si v průběhu historického vývoje vymezila jistá specifika a charakteristiky ve způsobu konání, jejichž analýzou se v práci zabývám. Pro lepší pochopení komplexnosti celé problematiky však nejprve nastiňuji právě vývoj a také úlohu volebních shromáždění v rámci prezidentských voleb. Následuje případová studie zaměřená detailněji na průběh volebních shromáždění v jednotlivých státech USA v prezidentských volbách v roce 2020, především pak na jejich problematické aspekty. O některých negativních dopadech tohoto způsobu výběru prezidentských kandidátů se vedou spory dlouhodoběji, některé se objevily výrazněji až při posledních volbách. Tyto charakteristiky shrnuji v závěrečné fázi práce, která má také poskytovat zčásti odpověď na mou výzkumnou otázku, tedy jak tento proces probíhá a jaká s sebou nese hlavní rizika, na základě kterých je vnímán z hlediska mnohých odborníků spíše negativně. Tomu napovídá mimo jiné historický trend přechodu od způsobu výběru kandidátů pomocí volebních shromáždění k výběru klasickými primárními volbami.

Preliminary scope of work in English

The text bellow is focused on the analysis of the process of „caucuses“ in the frame of American presidential elections. The system of the whole process of the presidential election is very complicated and the „caucuses“ play a determinative role. Their main purpose is to oficially select and name the presidential candidates of the two major US political Parties – the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. During the time Both of them have developed certain specific characteristics and qualities of the procedure. Analysis of the process is also a part of this work. For better understanding of the complexity of the whole matter I firstly offer a description of the historical evolution and also place the „caucuses“ in the presidential election cause to ilustrate their importance in the process. A case study mapping the functioning of the „caucuses“ in the last presidential election organized in the 2020 takes the next part. It offers a detailed look at the practical matters, especially at the most problematic aspects. Some of these belong to the long-term discussed issues, other arose in connection with the last election. The main content of the last part is a conclusion of the most significant negative features of the „caucuses“ which should also serve as a partial answer to my research question.