Fylogeneze jazyků

• Thesis title in Czech: Fylogeneze jazyků
• Thesis title in English: Phylogeny of languages
• Key words: fylogeneze, jazyky, evoluce
• English key words: phylogeny, languages, evolution
• Academic year of topic announcement: 2011/2012
• Thesis type: diploma thesis
• Thesis language: čeština
• Department: Department of Zoology (31-170)
• Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Daniel Frynta, Ph.D.
• Author: hidden - assigned by the advisor
• Date of registration: 27.01.2012
• Date of assignment: 27.01.2012

Preliminary scope of work

Fylogenetické metody obvyklé v biologii byly v posledních deseti letech často používány i k analýze kulturních znaků, jakým bezesporu jsou i jazyky. Budoucí diplomová práce by měla obsahovat novou fylogenetickou analýzu jazyků u vybraných jazykových rodin na základě lexikálních dat. Data budou získána excerpcí z dostupných slovníků, případně z lingvistických textů, které se konkrétními jazykovými rodinami přímo zabývají. Po určení kognátů a vytvoření matice znaků by měly být k analýze použity metody Maximum Parsimony (MP), Maximum Compatibility (MC), Maximum Likelihood (ML) a Bayesiánská analýza.

Dunn, Michael, Greenhill, Michael, Levinson, Stephen C. and Russell D. Gray (2011) ‘Evolved structure of language shows lineage-specific trends in word-order universals‘ , Nature 473, 79-82.
Forster, Peter and Colin Renfrew (eds.) (2006) Phylogenetic Methods and the Prehistory of Languages, Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research.
Gray, Russell D. and Fiona M. Jordan (2000) ‘Language trees support the express-train sequence of Austronesian expansion’, Nature 405, 1052-1055.
Gray, Russell D. and Quentin D. Atkinson (2003) ‘Language-tree divergence times support the Anatolian theory of Indo-European origin’, Nature 426, 435-439.
Greenhill, Simon J., Atkinson, Quentin D., Meade, Andrew and Russell D. Gray (2010) ‘The Shape and Tempo of Language Evolution‘,Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, published online 7 April 2010.
Platnick, N. I. and Cameron, H. D. (1977) ‘Cladistic methods in textual, linguistic, and phylogenetic analysis‘, Systematic Zoology 26, 380–85.
Rexová, Kateřina, Daniel Frynta and Jan Zrzavý (2003) ‘Cladistic analysis of languages: Indo-European classification based on lexicostatistical data’, Cladistics 19, 120-127.
Rexová, Kateřina, Yvonne Bastin and Daniel Frynta (2006) ‘Cladistic analysis of Bantu languages: a new tree based on combined lexical and grammatical data’, Naturwissenschaften 93, 189-194.

Preliminary scope of work in English

Phylogenetic methods normally used in biology have been used for analyzing cultural traits as well in the last ten years, including also languages. The present MA thesis should comprise of a new phylogenetic analysis of selected language families, based on lexical data. The data will be excerpted from available dictionaries and also linguistic texts dealing with particular language families. After determining the cognates and creating a matrix of traits, several methods - Maximum Parsimony (MP), Maximum Compatibility (MC), Maximum Likelihood (ML) a Bayesian analysis - should be used.

Dunn, Michael, Greenhill, Michael, Levinson, Stephen C. and Russell D. Gray (2011) ‘Evolved structure of language shows lineage-specific trends in word-order universals‘ , Nature 473, 79-82.
Forster, Peter and Colin Renfrew (eds.) (2006) Phylogenetic Methods and the Prehistory of Languages, Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research.
Gray, Russell D. and Fiona M. Jordan (2000) ‘Language trees support the express-train sequence of Austronesian expansion’, Nature 405, 1052-1055.
Gray, Russell D. and Quentin D. Atkinson (2003) ‘Language-tree divergence times support the Anatolian theory of Indo-European origin’, Nature 426, 435-439.
Greenhill, Simon J., Atkinson, Quentin D., Meade, Andrew and Russell D. Gray (2010) ‘The Shape and Tempo of Language Evolution‘,Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, published online 7 April 2010.
Platnick, N. I. and Cameron, H. D. (1977) ‘Cladistic methods in textual, linguistic, and phylogenetic analysis‘, Systematic Zoology 26, 380–85.
Rexová, Kateřina, Daniel Frynta and Jan Zrzavý (2003) ‘Cladistic analysis of languages: Indo-European classification based on lexicostatistical data’, Cladistics 19, 120-127.
Rexová, Kateřina, Yvonne Bastin and Daniel Frynta (2006) ‘Cladistic analysis of Bantu languages: a new tree based on combined lexical and grammatical data’, Naturwissenschaften 93, 189-194.