Decomposition of the gender wage gap before and after COVID-19: did wage determinants across genders change?

• Název práce v češtině: Rozklad genderového mzdového rozdílu před a po COVID-19: změnily se mzdové determinanty napříč pohlavími?
• Název v anglickém jazyce: Decomposition of the gender wage gap before and after COVID-19: did wage determinants across genders change?
• Klíčová slova anglicky: gender, gender wage gap, covid-19, shecession, change, effect, pandemic, decomposition
• Akademický rok vypsání: 2020/2021
• Typ práce: bakalářská práce
• Jazyk práce: angličtina
• Ústav: Institut ekonomických studií (23-IES)
• Vedoucí / školitel: Mgr. Barbara Pertold-Gebicka, M.A., Ph.D.
• Řešitel: skrytý - zadáno vedoucím/školitelem
• Datum přihlášení: 12.05.2021
• Datum zadání: 12.05.2021
• Datum a čas obhajoby: 06.09.2022 09:00
• Místo konání obhajoby: Opletalova - Opletalova 26, O206, Opletalova - místn. č. 206
• Datum odevzdání elektronické podoby: 02.08.2022
• Datum proběhlé obhajoby: 06.09.2022
• Oponenti: Bc. Daniel Kolář, M.Sc.

Seznam odborné literatury

Bonacini, Luca; Gallo, Giovanni; Scicchitano, Sergio (2021) : Will it be a shecession? The unintended influence of working from home on the gender wage gap related to the COVID-19 pandemic, GLO Discussion Paper, No. 771, Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

Blau, F. D., Kahn F. M., (2016) : The gender wage gap: extent, trends and explanation, NBER Paper Series, Working Paper 21913, National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), Cambridge

Jann. B., (2008) : The Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition for linear regression models, The Stata Journal 8, No. 4

Thomason, B, Macias-Alonso, I., (2020) : COVID-19 and raising the value of care, Feminist Frontier, Wiley

Předběžná náplň práce v anglickém jazyce

Research question and motivation
I would like to find out whether the COVID-19 pandemic has some effect and the gender wage gap or even cause the change of the factors on which it depends until now. Also, it is in my interest to find out all of the ways how the pandemic could affect the gender wage gap either in a positive or negative way. The other reason for me to choose this topic is to bring fresh 'eyes' to the topic.

Contribution
It helps us and the community to better understand the determinants of the gender wage gap. As a result of my analysis, we can compare the 'old' responsible factors with the 'new' ones. It could give us some new tools for the examination of the gender wage gap. Also, it could state the difference between relevant and irrelevant factors. This topic has been sufficiently analyzed by this time, but the COVID-19 pandemic gives us new approaches to how to look at it and work with it.

Methodology
I choose to work with data from the US. There is need for a time-relevant data and the American Community Survey can offer time-accurate data samples. I will estimate the gender wage gaps using the so-called 'Mincerian regression' first jointly for men and women, where one of the explanatory variables will be a dummy 'female'. The coefficient by this variable can be interpreted as the estimate of a gender wage gap. At the same time, I can estimate it separately for each year to see how this gap changed over time. Next, I will do a so-called Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition, which allows checking what can explain the gap in earnings between men and women. You can do this decomposition for years just preceding covid and for the during-covid years to see if the factors explaining the gap have changed.

Outline
In the first part, I will describe the basics of the gender wage gap, its economic properties, and what has described this phenomenon until now. Then I continue with the analysis of my data set using regression models. I comment on its properties and interpret the results and findings of my analysis. In the end, I compare my findings with available resources – whether they are the same or they significantly differ.