This paper is presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of International Master in Security, Intelligence and Strategic Studies
Předběžná náplň práce
Different states have taken a significant number of countering violent extremism and de-radicalisation strategies all over the world. However, the effectiveness of these policies does not discuss so much. Sometimes governments claim success regarding their strategies. Nevertheless, these claims are questionable because of the lack of empirical evidence. The literature on CVE significantly highlights the importance of CVE campaigns with different programmes: de-radicalisation, disengagement, rehabilitation, and reintegration. However, the research on the evaluation of CVE and de-radicalisation programme around the world is limited. Therefore, this research has tried to contribute to this issue. This research has used the comparative case study method and selected the cases of the CVE and de-radicalisation strategies of the United States and the United Kingdom. This research finds that both US and UK CVE strategies predominantly focus on the Muslim, which stigmatised the Muslim community and reinforced Islamic stereotypes. Therefore, it creates 'Muslim' as a 'suspect community' that is alienating Muslims. For the US case, the right-wing extremism is increasing especially against Muslim and Jewish religious figures and institutions, but the government are giving less attention to this issue. The government CVE policies fail to contain the attacks, deaths, and plotting by terrorists and extremists. Besides, there is a lack of coordination and funding problem regarding the implementation of CVE policies. At the same time, the UK Prevent strategy indirectly and unintentionally add structural and cultural ‘Islamophobia’ which can increase the Islamist and right-wing radicalisation. Moreover, this strategy is affecting the learning process of students at the educational institutions and undermine the trust between teachers and students. Overall, the US CVE strategy is less organized, and not effective. At the same time, the UK CVE strategy is ordered and partially effective though there is much indirect impact of the community.
Předběžná náplň práce v anglickém jazyce
Different states have taken a significant number of countering violent extremism and de-radicalisation strategies all over the world. However, the effectiveness of these policies does not discuss so much. Sometimes governments claim success regarding their strategies. Nevertheless, these claims are questionable because of the lack of empirical evidence. The literature on CVE significantly highlights the importance of CVE campaigns with different programmes: de-radicalisation, disengagement, rehabilitation, and reintegration. However, the research on the evaluation of CVE and de-radicalisation programme around the world is limited. Therefore, this research has tried to contribute to this issue. This research has used the comparative case study method and selected the cases of the CVE and de-radicalisation strategies of the United States and the United Kingdom. This research finds that both US and UK CVE strategies predominantly focus on the Muslim, which stigmatised the Muslim community and reinforced Islamic stereotypes. Therefore, it creates 'Muslim' as a 'suspect community' that is alienating Muslims. For the US case, the right-wing extremism is increasing especially against Muslim and Jewish religious figures and institutions, but the government are giving less attention to this issue. The government CVE policies fail to contain the attacks, deaths, and plotting by terrorists and extremists. Besides, there is a lack of coordination and funding problem regarding the implementation of CVE policies. At the same time, the UK Prevent strategy indirectly and unintentionally add structural and cultural ‘Islamophobia’ which can increase the Islamist and right-wing radicalisation. Moreover, this strategy is affecting the learning process of students at the educational institutions and undermine the trust between teachers and students. Overall, the US CVE strategy is less organized, and not effective. At the same time, the UK CVE strategy is ordered and partially effective though there is much indirect impact of the community.
- zadáno a potvrzeno stud. odd.