Role mezinárodního společenství v poválečné rekonstrukci a rozvoji Afghánistánu v období tranzice

• Název práce v češtině: Role mezinárodního společenství v poválečné rekonstrukci a rozvoji Afghánistánu v období tranzice
• Název v anglickém jazyce: The role of international community in the post-conflict reconstruction and ; development of Afghanistan during the transition period
• Klíčová slova: Poválečná rekonstrukce, Afghánistán, mezinárodní společenství, stabilizace, válečná ekonomika, rozvojová pomoc, závislost, budování míru, afghanizace.
• Klíčová slova anglicky: Post-war reconstruction, Afghanistan, international community, stabilization, war economy, development aid, dependency, peace-building, Afghanization.
• Akademický rok vypsání: 2011/2012
• Typ práce: diplomová práce
• Jazyk práce: čeština
• Ústav: Katedra mezinárodních vztahů (23-KMV)
• Vedoucí / školitel: PhDr. JUDr. Tomáš Karásek, Ph.D.
• Řešitel: skrytý - zadáno vedoucím/školitelem
• Datum přihlášení: 18.10.2011
• Datum zadání: 18.10.2011
• Datum a čas obhajoby: 10.09.2012 08:00
• Místo konání obhajoby: IPS FSV UK, U kříže 8/661 158 00 Praha 5 – Jinonice
• Datum odevzdání elektronické podoby: 31.07.2012
• Datum proběhlé obhajoby: 10.09.2012
• Oponenti: doc. PhDr. Vít Střítecký, M.Phil., Ph.D.

Seznam odborné literatury

Použitá literatura
Monografie

• AMSTUTZ, B. J., Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation, DIANE Publishing, 1994
• BARAKAT, S., After the Conflict: Reconstruction and Development in the Aftermath of War, London, I.B. Tauris, 2005
• BARAKAT, S., Housing Reconstruction After Conflict and Disaster. London :ODI, 2003
• BARAKAT, S., Reconstructing War-Torn Societies: Afghanistan, Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan, 2004
• BRINKERHOFF. ed. Governance in Post-Conflict Societies – rebuilding fragile states, New York: Routledge, 2007
• DOBBINS, G. McGINN, K., JONESS., Lal R., RATHMELL A., SWANGER R., TIMILSINA A.:America's Role in Nation-Building: From Germany to Iraq. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2003.
• FUKUYAMA,F.: State-building, Governance and World Order in the 21st Century, Cornell University Press, 2004
• GIUSTOZZI, A., IBRAHIMI N., Thirty years of conflict: Drivers of Anti-government mobilisation in Afghanistan, 1978 – 2011, Afghan Research and Evaluation Unit, Leden 2012
• GIUSTOZZI, A. The Eye of the Storm: Cities in the Vortex of Afghanistan’s Civil War, London: LSE Crisis States Research Centre, 2009.
• GOSSMAN, Patricia, Transitional Justice and DDR: The Case of Afghanistan, International Center for Transitional Justice, červen 2009, [cit. 8.6. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://ictj.org/sites/default/files/ICTJ-DDR-Afghanistan-ResearchBrief-2009-English.pdf>
• GRETCHEN P., Seeds of Terror, New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2009.
• HYNEK, N., MARTON, P. (2011): Statebuilding in Afghanistan: Multinational Contributions to Reconstruction. London and New York: Routledge, [cit. 18. 4. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415620499/>
• KATZMAN, K.: Afghanistan: Post-Taliban Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy, 2012, [cit. 18. 5. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL30588.pdf>
• KHATTAK, F. H., Reconstruction of Afghanistan’s Economy, PhD. disertační práce Area Study Center, University of Peshawar, 15. Března 2001
• QUINLIVAN, J. T., Burden of Victory: The Painful Arithmetic of Stability Operations, RAND, Summer 2003, [cit. 1. 4. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.rand.org/publications/randreview/issues/summer2003/burden.html>
• RASHID, Ahmed. Descent into Chaos: How the War against Islamic Extremism is Being Lost in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Central Asia. London: Allen Lane


Kapitoly monografií


• BRAHÍMÍ, L., „Ce qu’ il faut faire en Afghanistan,“ in Sara DANIEL (Ed), Guerres d’
• aujourd’ hui. Pourquoi ces confl its? Peut – on les résoudre? Paris: Delavilla 2008, s.78-83.
• CLAPHAM, C. „The Global-Local Politics of State Decay,” in When States Fail: Causes and Consequences, Robert I. Rotberg, ed. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2004
• LISTER, S., WILDER, A. „Subnational Administration and state building: lessons from Afghanistan“ in Governance in Post-Conflict Societies – rebuilding fragile states, Derick W. Brinkerhoff, ed. New York: Routledge, 2007
• RUBIN, B.: „Afghanistan,“ in Sara Daniel (Ed), Guerres d’ aujourd’ hui. Pourquoi ces confl its? Peut –on les résoudre? Paris: Delavilla 2008.
• SALOMONS, D. “Security: An Absolute Prerequisite,” in Postconflict Development – Meeting New Challenges, Gerd Junne and Willemijn Verkoren, eds., Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2005


Odborné publikace, články

• Afghanistan Analysts Network, The International Community’s Engagement in Afghanistan Beyond 2014
• BAHORIA, J. Can U.S.-Afghan Partnership Work?, Council of Foreign Relations, 28. 2. 2012, [cit. 8. 3. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.cfr.org/united-states/can-us-afghan-partnership-work/p27495?cid=rss-analysisbriefbackgroundersexp-can_u.s._afghan_partnership_wo-022812>
• BLANK, J.Invading Afghanistan, Then and Now, Foreign Affairs, září/říjen 2011, [cit. 8. 4. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/68214/jonah-blank/invading-afghanistan-then-and-now?page=2>
• FAVRE, R. Interface between State and Society in Afghanistan, Discussion on Key Features affecting Governance, Reconciliation and Reconstruction, únor 2005, [cit. 18. 4. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.aizon.org/Administration%20and%20society%20in%20Afghanistan.pdf>.
• FLYNN, M. State of Insurgency, ISAF Security briefing, Defence Studies, 22. prosince 2009, [cit. 1. 5. 2012]. Dostupné z www: < http://www.defensestudies.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/isaf-state-of-the-insurgency-231000-dec.pdf>.
• GIUSTOZZI, A., IBRAHIMI N., Thirty years of conflict: Drivers of Anti-government mobilisation in Afghanistan, 1978 – 2011, Afghan Research and Evaluation Unit, Leden 2012.
• HUGHES,K., ZYCK, S.A. The Relationship between Aid, Insurgency & Security: Part Two, Civil- Military Fusion Centre, červenec 2011, [cit. 18. 4. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <www.cimicweb.org>.
• MAASS, C.D., Afghanistan’s Drug Career, Evolution from a War Economy to a Drug Economy, Afghanistan Analyst Network, German Institute for International and Security Affairs, březen 2011.
• MANKIN, J. “Gaming the System: How Afghan Opium Underpins Local Power,” Journal of International Affairs 63, no. 1 (2009).
• MUSCAT, R., The World Bank’s Role in Conflict Prevention and Post-conflict Reconstruction, Internal World Bank paper, Task Force on Failed States, 27. 11. 1995
• RUBIN, R. B.: Saving Afghanistan. Taliban Resurgent. Foreign Affairs, January-February 2007, Vol. 86, No.1, [cit. 18. 4. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/62270/barnett-r-rubin/saving-afghanistan>.
• TZEMACH LEMMON, G. United States Must Not Abandon Afghan Women to the Taliban, Council of Foreign Relations, 15.3.2012, [cit. 13. 6. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.cfr.org/afghanistan/united-states-must-not-abandon-afghan-women-taliban/p27656>.
• WALDMAN, M., RUTTIG, T., Peace offerings, Afghan Analyst Network
• WINTERBOTHAM, E. Healing the Legacies of Conflict in Afghanistan, Community Voices on Justice, Peace and Reconciliation, AREU Synthesis Paper,Leden 2012, [cit. 13. 6. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://areu.af>.

Články - periodika

• The Associated Press, U.N.: Taliban virtually wipes out opium production in Afghanistan, 16.2. 2001, [cit. 18. 4. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.burmalibrary.org/reg.burma/archives/200102/msg00045.html>.
• BBC news, Why Taliban are so strong in Afghanistan, 2.2. 2012, [cit. 18. 4. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-16851949>.
• BBC news, Pakistan supply rutes row hit NATO summit, 21. 5. 2012, [cit. 18. 4. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-18141605>.
• CARLSTROM, G. Study says Afghan graft worsening, Al Jazeera, 13. 6. 2010, [cit. 18. 4. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://english.aljazeera.net/news/asia/2010/07/201078124118415689.html>.
• CBC News, U.S. wasted up to 60B in Iraq , Afghanistan: panel, 31.8.2011, [cit. 18. 4. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/story/2011/08/31/us-wartime-spending-report.html>.
• The daily outlook on Afghanistan: Yet Another Year of Uncertainty for Afghanistan, 3. 1. 2012, [cit. 11. 6. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://outlookafghanistan.net/topics?post_id=3003>.
• GABRIELSE, R., A 3D Approach to Security and Development, The Quarterly Journal, Léto 2007
• The Guardian, War zone aid „fuels more conflicts“, 14. Ledna 2007, [cit. 11. 6. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2007/jan/14/internationalaidanddevelopment.internationalnews>.
• The Guardian, Afghanista civilian casualties: year by year, month by month.12.3.2012, [cit. 11. 6. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/datablog/2010/aug/10/afghanistan-civilian-casualties-statistics>.
• Global Terror Alert, Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (the Taliban): „National Army of the Pupper Administration on the Verge of Collapse“, 11.9.2011, [cit. 11. 6. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.globalterroralert.com/library/afghanistan/873-islamic-emirate-of-afghanistan-the-taliban-national-army-of-the-puppet-administration-on-the-verge-of-collapse-.html>.
• GOODHAND, J. Aiding violence of building peace, The role of international aid in Afghanistan, Third World Quaterly, Vol 23, No 5
• GRAFF, P. Afghanistan confirms blanket pardon for war crimes, Reuters, Kabul, 16. Března 2010, [cit. 11. 6. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.reuters.com/article/2010/03/16/us-afghanistan-amnesty-idUSTRE62F2LU20100316>.
• HYNEK, N., EICHLER, J. Češi v Afghánistánu, Vojenské rozhledy, 2/2010
• HYNEK, N., EICHLER, J. The Czech Proincial Reconstruction Team in Afghanistan: Context, Experiences and Politics, Defence Studies, Routledge, London, 2010, 10:3, 405-430, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14702436.2010.503682
• iDNES, Afghánská válka potrvá ještě do roku 2024, 16.5.2012, [cit. 1. 6. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://zpravy.idnes.cz/afghanska-valka-potrva-jeste-do-roku-2024-dy6-/zpr_nato.aspx?c=A120516_070704_zpr_nato_inc>.
• KISSINGER H. A Strategy for Afghanistan. The Washington Post, 26. 2. 2009.
• MACKENZIE, J.Who is funding the Afghan Taliban? You don’t want to know, GlobalPost, 13 August 2009.
• Middle East Issues, U.S. and NATO Troop Deployments, in Afghanistan: Facts, Successes and Failures, [cit. 21. 5. 2012]. Dostupné z www: http://middleeast.about.com/od/afghanistan/i/me070909.htm
• Natoaktual, Afghanistan po stažení požaduje 4 miliardy dolarů ročně, 17. 5. 2012, [cit. 11. 6. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.natoaktual.cz/afghanistan-po-stazeni-pozaduje-4-miliardy-dolaru-rocne-piv-/na_media.aspx?c=A120517_102127_na_media_m02>.
• NORLAND, R., Security in Afghanistan Is Deteriorating, Aid Groups Say, New York Times, 11.9.2010, [cit. 11. 6. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/12/world/asia/12afghan.html?_r=2>.
• OAKES, D., KOWT, T.,Caught in a Taliban trap: Afghan aid fuels war and inequality, coalition told, 20. Prosince 2010, Afghanistan, [cit. 11. 6. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.theage.com.au/world/caught-in-a-taliban-trap-afghan-aid-fuels-war-and-inequality-coalition-told-20101219-191w2.html#ixzz1sDGAVt8C>.
• OWEN,J. “Army launches investigation: Corrupt Afghans stealing millions from aid funds,” The Independent, 7 March 2010.
• The Observer, Scandal of the aid lost to corruption: Billions of pounds that are meant to help rebuild countries scarred by violence in fact contribute to renewed conflict, says a report on world hotspots, 14. 1. 2007, [cit. 27. 7. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://moeingradschool.wikispaces.com/file/view/Afghan+Corruption+1.pdf>
• Pajhwok Afghan News, Over 153 000 troops fighting 20 000 combatants:NATO, 6. Června 2007, [cit. 11. 6. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.pajhwok.com/en/2007/06/06/over-153000-troops-fighting-20000-combatants-nato>.
• Pajhwok Afghan News, JCMB discusses ANDS, security, election, 10. 9. 2008, [cit. 11. 6. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.thefreelibrary.com/JCMB+discusses+ANDS,+security,elections.-a0184780855>.
• PBS, Report: U.S. Aid to Afghanistan Encouraging Dependency, Corruption, 8.6. 2011, [cit. 11. 6. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/military/jan-june11/afghanistan1_06-08.html>.
• Reuters, Taliban stronger than before U.S. troop surge: lawmakers, Washington, 6.5. 2012, [cit. 11. 6. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/05/06/us-usa-afghanistan-taliban-idUSBRE84509G20120506>.
• The Telegraph: Francois Hollande: France will press ahead with Afghan withdrawal, 18.5.2011, [cit. 11. 6. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/francois-hollande/9276388/Francois-Hollande-France-will-press-ahead-with-Afghan-withdrawal.html#>.
• The Times, Afghans plead for $50 billion in aid as disorder grows, 8. 5. 2008, [cit. 11. 6. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/asia/article4087300.ece>.
• The Washington Post: U.S. trucking funds reach Taliban, military-led investigation concludes, 25.6. 2011, [cit. 18. 4. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/us-trucking-funds-reach-taliban-military-led-investigation-concludes/2011/07/22/gIQAmMDUXI_story.html>.

Ostatní
• AidData, Do foreign aid shocks cause violent armed conflict?, [cit. 11. 6. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.aiddata.org/weceem_uploads/_ROOT/File/Briefs/Brief1-ConflictAndAidShocks.pdf>.
• Afghanistan NGO Safety Office, Quarterly Data Report, Q.1 2012, [cit. 14. 6. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.ngosafety.org/store/files/ANSO%20Q1%202012.pdf>.
• AREU, A to Z, Afghan National Army, Dostupné z www: <http://www.areu.org.af/ContentDetails.aspx?ContentId=20&ParentId=19&Lang=en-US> .
• Asia Foundation, Survey of the Afghan People, 2010, [cit. 21. 6. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.asiafoundation.org/country/afghanistan/2010-poll.php>.
• CIA World Fact Book on Afghanistan, [cit. 11. 7. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <www.cia.gov/library/publications/the‐worldfactbook/geos/af.html>.
• Commission on Wartime Contracting in Iraq and Afghanistan, Transforming Wartime Contracting, Controlling costs, reducing risks, Final Report to Congress, Srpen 2011, [cit. 19. 6. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.whs.mil/library/Reports/CWC_FinalReport-lowres.pdf>.
• European Union, Afghanistan 2011 – 2014 and Beyond: from support operations to sustainable peace, Institute fo Security Studies, červen 2011, [cit. 5. 7. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/Afghanistan_2011-2014_Joint_Report.pdf>
• Global Finance, Afghanistan Country Report, [cit. 5. 7. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.gfmag.com/gdp-data-country-reports/334-afghanistan-gdp-country-report.html#axzz1slZdbmYQ>.
• Global Security, DIAG – Disbandment of Illegal Armed Groups, 27. Listopadu 2011, [cit. 9. 7. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/afghanistan/diag.htm
• OECD, CRS databáze, [cit. 9. 7. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=CRSNEW>.
• OECD, Monitoring the Principles for Good International Engagement in Fragile States and Situations, Country Report 1: Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, 2010, [cit. 9. 7. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/39/14/44654918.pdf>.
• Office Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction, Inadequate Planning for ANSF Facilities Increases Risks for 11,4 billion program, [cit. 9. 7. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.sigar.mil/pdf/audits/2011-01-26audit-11-06.pdf>.
• Office Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction, Quarterly Report, Duben 2011, [cit. 9. 7. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.sigar.mil/pdf/quarterlyreports/Apr2011/LoresPDF/SIGARresults.pdf>.
• UN General Assembly Security Council, The situation in Afghanistan and its implications for international peace and security, Report of the Secretary-General, 21.11.2011, [cit. 9. 7. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.ngosafety.org/store/files/ANSO%20Q1%202012.pdf>.
• UNDP, Afghanistan’s New Beginnings Programme, [cit. 9. 7. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.undpanbp.org/>.
• UNODC, Afghanistan Opium Survey, [cit. 2. 7. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://www.unodc.org/documents/crop-monitoring/Afghanistan_Opium_Survey_2008.pdf
• UNDOC, http://www.unodc.org/documents/crop-monitoring/Afghanistan/Executive_Summary_2011_web.pdf>.
• USAID Office of Inspector General, “Review of Security Costs Charged to USAID Projects in Afghanistan, (Review Report No. 5-306-10-002-S)
• US Government Info, Taliban and the Northern Aliance, Fighting for control of Afghanistan, Dostupné z www: <http://usgovinfo.about.com/library/weekly/aa092801a.htm>.
• US Senate Foreign relations Committee report, [cit. 2. 7. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://foreign.senate.gov/download/?id=E8637185-8E67-4F87-81D1-119AE49A7D1C>.
• The World Bank, The World Bank’s Experience with Post-conflict Reconstruction, 1998, [cit. 2. 7. 2012]. Dostupné z www: http://lnweb90.worldbank.org/oed/oeddoclib.nsf/b57456d58aba40e585256ad400736404/f753e43e728a27b38525681700503796/$FILE/PostCon.pdf.
• World Bank datasets, Worldwide Governance Indicators, https://www.cimicweb.org/cmo/Afghanistan/Crisis%20Documents/Economic%20Stabilization/PDFs%20for%20Weekly%20Inputs%20or%20Monthly%20Reports/WGIs-Afghanistan.pdf
• World Bank, Afghanistan Economic Update, Říjen 2011, [cit. 9. 6. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://siteresources.worldbank.org/AFGHANISTANEXTN/Resources/305984-1297184305854/AFGEconUpdate2011.pdf>.
• World Bank and Ministry of Finance, Transition of Afghanistan looking beyond 2014, listopad 2011, [cit. 9. 5. 2012]. Dostupné z www: <http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTAFGHANISTAN/Resources/AFBeyond2014.pdf>.

Předběžná náplň práce

Bezpečnostní, ekonomické a společenské výzvy, které s sebou přinesla první dekáda 21. století, prohlubují nutnost zabývat se významem pojmu mezinárodní komunita, její rolí ve formování celosvětového vývoje a tím, zda organizace, které mezinárodní komunitu reprezentují, mohou být považovány skutečně za reprezentanty zájmů celé této komunity. Konflikt v Afghánistánu a následná rekonstrukce země v režii mezinárodního společenství je ukázkovým případem pro studii fungování mechanismů, kterými mezinárodní komunita přistupuje k bezpečnostním výzvám, jejich úspěšnosti a schopnosti aplikovat minulé zkušenosti na budoucí operace. Případ Afghánistánu je v tomto ohledu bezednou studnicí informací a lessons-learned. Tato práce se zabývá souborem úspěchů a proher spojených s mezinárodním zapojením v Afghánistánu a jeho dopadem na vývoj země. Práce vyzdvihuje negativní důsledky mezinárodního působení stejně jako prohlubující se závislost této země na pomoci zvenčí.

Předběžná náplň práce v anglickém jazyce

Security, economic and societal challenges of the 21 century place demands on international community and deepens the need to precisely define this term and its role in the global development as well as the legitimacy of international organization, which often place themselves as representatives of the entire global community. Conflict in Afghanistan and its reconstruction is a great case study of mechanisms, which allow the international community to assess security challenges, apply former experience to respond and prepare for future operations. There are many lessons that can be learned from the case of Afghanistan. This article addresses the successes and failures connected with Afghan reconstruction and stabilization efforts and its impacts on development of the country. The article stresses the negative consequences of the international involvement as well as the deepening dependence of Afghanistan on foreign assistance.